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  84                   <ul>
  85   <li>Ray wanted an easy/medium/hard Perl test</li>
  86 </ul>
  87                   <h2>Perl Test</h2>
  88
  89 <h3>Easy</h3>
  90 <ol>
  91   <li>What does Perl stand for?</li>
  92
  93 <p><font color="red">Practical Extraction and Reporting Language</font></p>
  94
  95   <li>What basic datatypes does Perl support?</li>
  96
  97 <p><font color="red">Scalar, Array, Hash, Typeglob</font></p>
  98
  99   <li>What does the following do:</li>
 100
 101 <div class="code"><pre>
 102 my @output = &lt;STDIN&gt;;
 103
 104 foreach (@output) {
 105   print "$_\n" if /\d+/;
 106 }
 107 </pre></div>
 108
 109 <p><font color="red">Echoes lines that have numbers in them)</font></p>
 110
 111 </ol>
 112
 113 <h3>Medium</h3>
 114
 115 <ol>
 116   <li>What is <tt>use strict</tt> and why is it important to use?</li>
 117
 118 <p><font color="red">Strict requires that variable references are scoped - e.g. my $var)</font></p>
 119
 120   <li>What does the following code do:</li>
 121
 122 <div class="code"><pre>
 123 sub d {
 124   my %p = @_;
 125
 126   print "\np:\n";
 127
 128   foreach (sort (keys (%p))) {
 129     if (/password/) {
 130       print "$_: &lt;password&gt;\n";
 131     } else {
 132       print "$_: ${p {$_}}\n";
 133     } # if
 134   } # foreach
 135 } # d
 136 </pre></div>
 137
 138 <p><font color="red">Displays the contents of the passed in hash %p substituting "&lt;password&gt;" if the hash happens to have a key of password</font></p>
 139
 140   <li>What do you do to enable Perl to find user written modules?</li>
 141
 142 <p><font color="red">You need to modify the @INC array to include the path to your modules)</font></p>
 143 </ol>
 144
 145 <h3>Hard</h3>
 146
 147 <ol>
 148   <li>What is the difference between <tt>require</tt> and <tt>use</tt>?</li>
 149
 150 <p><font color="red">See <a href="/blogs/Status/archives/000492.html">this article</a> for the answer</font></p>
 151
 152   <li>What is a better way to do the following and why:</li>
 153
 154 <div class="code"><pre>
 155 undef $/;
 156 </pre></div>
 157
 158 <p><font color="red">See <a href="/blogs/Status/archives/000492.html">this article</a>) for the answer</font></p>
 159
 160   <li>What does the following print out when executed:</li>
 161
 162 <div class="code"><pre>
 163 sub foo {
 164   my ($x, $y) = @_;
 165
 166   my @z = `$x 2&gt;&amp;1`; chomp @z;
 167   my $s = $?;
 168
 169   if ($s ne 0) {
 170     if (defined $y) {
 171       print "$_\n" foreach (@z);
 172     }
 173   }
 174
 175   return ($y, @z);
 176 } # foo
 177
 178 my @a;
 179 my $c="ls /temp";
 180 my $d;
 181
 182 ($d, @a) = foo $c;
 183 print "Worked!\n" if !$d;
 184 </pre></div>
 185
 186 <p><font color="red">(It will output:</p>
 187
 188 <div class="code"><pre>
 189 Worked!
 190 </pre></div>
 191
 192 <p>Yet nothing really worked at all! Key issues are:</p>
 193
 194 <ul>
 195     <li>Passing parameters to subroutines. Two parameters are passed in</li>
 196
 197     <li>Parameter return: Two parameters are returned</li>
 198
 199     <li>Evaluation of parameters: $y in foo is not passed in thus the print... foreach doesn't execute></li>
 200
 201     <li>Evaluation of true/false: foo returns $y which is errno,
 202 which is not 0 thus not true but the !$d evaluates to true and the
 203 print "Worked!\n" gets executed.</li>
 204 </font></ul>
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